Hi, Western architecture!

Architecture is frozen music.They are all around us.And in a profoundly subtle way.It affects the way we live.Today let’s go into western architecture.Feel the charm of Western architecture.Ancient Greek architecture.Ancient Greece is the birthplace of European culture, and ancient Greek architecture is the pioneer of European architecture. The period of development of ancient Greece was roughly from the 8th century BC to the 1st century BC, that is, until Greece was annexed by Rome.

The structure of ancient Greek architecture was a system of beams and columns, and major early buildings were made of stone. Due to the characteristics of the material, the span of stone beams is generally between 4 and 5 meters, and the largest is between 7 and 8 meters. The stone columns are stacked with drum blocks, and the blocks are connected with mortise and tenon or metal pins. The walls are also made of stone, with smooth blocks and tight joints that do not require concrete. Although the architectural form of ancient Greece changed little and the interior space was closed and simple, many later architects still borrowed from the architecture of ancient Greece.

Ancient Roman architecture:

Ancient Roman architecture is a pearl in the treasure house of architectural art. It carries the architectural style of ancient Greek civilization, highlights the characteristics of the Mediterranean region, and is a development of ancient Greek architecture. Rome became a Mediterranean power in the 2nd century BC, at the same time that the Romans began the construction of Rome. By the time the Roman Empire was founded in the 1st century AD, Rome had become a world city as famous as Chang ‘an in the East. Its urban infrastructure construction has been relatively perfect, the city is gradually developing towards the direction of art. Roman architecture is very different from its sculptural art, and is famous for its symmetry and grandeur.

The architecture of ancient Rome was mainly a colonnade structure and a beam column system, that is, columns were used as the frame, and the weight of the roof and eaves was transferred to the column through the beam frame, while the walls only played the role of partition, rather than the structural part bearing the weight of the house.

Byzantine architecture:

Byzantine roofs commonly use the “vault” (like an onion). The center of the overall shape is prominent. In Byzantine architecture in general, the center of the architectural composition is often prominent. High and large domes tend to be the center of the composition of the whole building, around which a number of small parts are arranged in an orderly manner.

The Byzantine dome demanded the sense of hanging high in the air, not the cool sunlit sacredness of the Pantheon. Practice is at the bottom of the dome, the end of the line arch, open a large number of Windows, so that the light diffraction caused by the loss of support. Look up and develop a space concept centered on the dome.

Romanesque architecture:

Romanesque architecture generally refers to Romanesque architecture, which is also translated as Romanesque architecture, Romanesque architecture, Romanesque architecture, etc. An architectural style in Christianized parts of Europe from the 10th to the 12th centuries. Romanesque architecture was the first unique architectural style to spread throughout Europe after the Roman Empire.

Although Romanesque architecture was remembered by nineteenth-century art historians as a continuation of Roman architecture, in fact Roman masonry techniques were largely lost in most of Europe, never adopted further north except for official buildings, and even unheard of in Scandinavia.

Gothic architecture:

Gothic architecture is an architectural style that flourished at the height and end of the Middle Ages. It developed from Romanesque architecture and was inherited by Renaissance architecture. Originating in France in the 12th century and continuing until the 16th century, Gothic architecture is commonly referred to as “French style” in contemporary times, while the term “Gothic” appeared in the late Renaissance with a derogatory connotation. Gothic architectural features include pointed arches, ribbed vaults and flying arches.

An architectural style originating in France in the second half of the 11th century and popular in Europe between the 13th and 15th centuries. Found mainly in the Catholic Church, but also in secular architecture. With its superb technology and artistic achievements, it occupies an important position in the history of architecture. The most obvious architectural style of Gothic architecture is the soaring spires and the large colorful glass paintings on the Windows.

Baroque architecture:

Baroque architecture made extensive use of valuable materials, was full of ornate decoration, bright colors, and gave people a sense of showing off wealth.

Architects used images and representations that had never been seen before. The main path of innovation is, first of all, to give the architectural entity and space dynamic, or twists and turns, or riots and conflicts; Secondly, to break the boundaries of architecture, sculpture and painting, so that they penetrate each other; Thirdly, this is regardless of the structural logic, the use of irrational combination, to achieve abnormal hallucination effect.

Rococo style:

Originated in France in the 1720s, it is a style derived from French classicism, among which the Baroque style of the 17th century will gradually infiltrate into its production. Mainly manifested in the interior decoration, is developed on the basis of Baroque architecture.

The word Rococo comes from the French rock shell (rocaille), from which you can imagine that Rococo used a lot of shell-like decorations, as well as flowers and plants. These themes are used not only on walls and ceilings, but also on braces, mantelpieces, mirror frames, door and window frames, furniture legs, and other building parts. It is slender, lightweight, ornate and cumbersome decorative, mostly using C shape, S shape and curling curve. It’s like a little woman at first sight. Interior building parts are also often asymmetrically shaped to mimic natural forms. Indoor wall painting, love to use light green, pink, rose and other bright light color curly grass Shu Hua, most of the line with gold.

Renaissance architecture:

Renaissance architecture is a style of architecture popular in Europe from the 15th to the 19th centuries, sometimes including Baroque architecture and classical architecture. It originated in Florence, Italy. In theory, based on the Renaissance trend of thought, it rejects the Gothic architectural style symbolizing theocracy and advocates the revival of ancient Roman architectural forms, especially the classical column proportions, semicircular arches and dome-centered architectural forms.

Classical architecture:

Classical architecture refers to the Italian Renaissance architecture, Baroque architecture and classical Renaissance architecture developed on the basis of ancient Greek architecture and ancient Roman architecture, which is characterized by the use of classical columns. Classical architecture in the narrow sense refers to the use of “pure” Ancient Greek and Roman architecture and Italian Renaissance architecture style and classical column architecture, mainly French classical architecture, as well as the architecture influenced by it in other regions. Classical architecture is usually referred to in a narrow sense.

Neoclassical architecture:

Neoclassical architecture is an architectural style that emerged from the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century as a reaction to the anti-structural decoration of the Rococo style and as a byproduct of some of the quasi-classical features of the late Baroque. Its pure form is mainly derived from ancient Greek architecture and Palladian architecture in Italy.

Eclectic architecture:

Eclectic architecture is also called “integrated imitation architecture”. One of the European and American architectural styles of the 19th-early 20th century. It is characterized by imitating and juxtaposing important architectural styles of different historical periods as needed, such as the Paris Opera House, which mixes classical style with Baroque decoration. It is widely spread due to the admiration of the academic school. Most of them emphasize balanced proportion, unique shape and rich decoration, and generally ignore the original era and meaning of historical style. They only achieve the characteristics of bourgeois expressing their wishes (such as power or wealth accumulation) at this stage through imitation. Its design methods remained dominant in the early years of the new architecture movement in the early 20th century, and were gradually replaced by modern architecture.